Background: A large, district-wide, home-based HIV counselling and testing (HBHCT) programme was implemented in Bushenyi
district of Uganda from 2004 to 2007. This programme provided free HBHCT services to all consenting adults of Bushenyi district
and had a very high uptake and acceptability. We measured population-level changes in knowledge of HIV status, stigma and
HIV-risk behaviours before and after HBHCT to assess whether widespread HBHCT had an effect on trends of risky sexual
behaviours and on stigma and discrimination towards HIV.